Which of the following best describes the role of GIS in geography?

The role of GIS, or Geographic Information Systems, in geography is primarily to support the visualization and analysis of spatial data. GIS enables geographers and planners to create layered maps that can display various types of data, such as demographics, environmental conditions, land use, and infrastructure. This capability allows for the integration and analysis of complex data sets, often revealing patterns and relationships that are crucial for decision-making and strategic planning.

By leveraging spatial data, GIS tools help users understand geographical phenomena, assess locations, and visualize changes over time. This is particularly significant for tasks such as urban planning, environmental management, and disaster response, where understanding spatial relationships is essential for effective intervention and development. While the other options highlight some aspects of geography, they do not capture the comprehensive analytical and visualization capabilities that GIS provides.