What is the definition of "social stratification"?

Social stratification refers to the hierarchical arrangement of individuals or groups in a society based on various criteria such as wealth, income, race, education, and power. This concept highlights how different social classes are structured and the disparities that exist among them. It reflects the inequalities in access to resources and opportunities, which can impact an individual’s life chances and social mobility.

In contrast to the other choices, which focus on specific aspects of society such as land use or urban development, social stratification encompasses a broader concept of social organization centered around class and status. It is a fundamental aspect of social theory that examines how these layers of social hierarchy influence behavior, relationships, and societal functioning.