What does "urban morphology" study?

Urban morphology focuses on the physical form and structure of urban places, examining how cities are designed and laid out. This area of study includes analyzing the arrangement of buildings, streets, and open spaces, as well as patterns of land use and urban design. Understanding urban morphology helps in assessing how the physical layout of a city influences social interactions, economic activities, transportation, and accessibility. Therefore, the emphasis on the spatial arrangement and physical characteristics of urban areas makes this option the most accurate representation of what urban morphology encompasses.

The other options, while related to urban studies, shift the focus toward social class structures, cultural meanings, or environmental impacts, which do not specifically concern the physical configuration and design of urban spaces themselves.