What does "social stratification" refer to?

Social stratification refers to the hierarchical organization of individuals or groups within a society based on various characteristics, primarily wealth, status, and power. This classification affects access to resources, opportunities, and privileges, contributing to the social dynamics of a community.

In many societies, stratification can manifest in various forms, such as class distinctions (upper, middle, and lower classes), caste systems, or social mobility, which reflects how individuals can change their social position over time. This framework helps sociologists and geographers understand the complexities of social relationships and the impact of economic status on people's lives, behavior, and even their geography.

The other options reflect different concepts. The classification of land based on its use pertains to land use planning and zoning. Urban planning focuses on the design and organization of urban spaces and infrastructures, while the distribution of natural resources among regions deals with how natural resources are allocated or available in different geographical areas. While these topics are relevant to human geography, they do not capture the essence of social stratification, which is fundamentally about social organization and economic hierarchy.